Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Final Exam Reflection on Virtues and Values - 3007 Words

Final Exam Reflection I. 1. Character is caring about doing what is right, even when no one is watching. Kennedy displayed character by not wanting to go to nuclear war because it would cause millions of people to die. Not only did he care about the U.S. citizens, but he wanted to make sure that the Cubans and Soviets would live. He also showed character by personally writing a letter to the parents of the pilot who was shot down while taking pictures of Cuba. 2. Charisma is the ability to attract and please those who are both similar and different from you. Charisma allows you to build relationships and gain followers. Kennedy showed charisma by making jokes and talking to people at parties. He also showed charisma when he went to the events in Chicago and Connecticut, even though he did not want to. 3. Commitment is being devoted to a task or idea, no matter how tough it is or how long it takes. If you are truly committed, then you will take on any challenge that is needed. Kennedy showed commitment by spending all of his time working to find a solution to the missile crisis. He was so committed that he even lost sleep because he was thinking about the problem. Kennedy spent almost all of his time working to find an alternative to war, even though the generals thought that he should just give up and accept a nuclear war. 4. Communication is being able to spread your message and being able to get others to follow your message. Kennedy displayed communication when heShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Academic Misconduct1192 Words   |  5 PagesAcademic misconduct is a very sensitive issue and my personal views have oscillated during my scholastic activities. Since childhood parents instill good virtues such as don’t lie, don’t cheat, don’t misuse and don’t break trust amongst other morals. Academic integrity is intrinsically against all the principles we were brought up on, then why is it so common? 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Monday, December 23, 2019

The Amendment Of The United States Constitution - 2174 Words

The 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution protects equal rights for everybody. This includes the right to equal opportunity for education for all. Jonathan Kozol, non-fictional writer, is best known for his books on public education in the United States. In his essay â€Å"Still Separate, Still Unequal: America’s Educational Apartheid†, he talks about segregation in education and provides examples to prove that segregation is regressing all around the country. Everybody deserves the equal opportunity for education regardless of where they come from or what their situation is. Without an education everything else in life is more difficult and nearly impossible. Parents always tell their children â€Å"make sure you get an education† or†¦show more content†¦There are multiple foundations and charities that specifically raise money for equal opportunity education for disabled children all over the world. Although children with disabilities requi re more attention than children without disabilities, they still deserve equal opportunities to an education. In the essay â€Å"Still Separate, Still Unequal: America’s Educational Apartheid† by Jonathon Kozol he discusses segregation in education. Kozol argues that segregation is still a major issue in our education system, and limits for achievement are being set by school districts. Kozol visits several inner-city minority schools that focus primarily on rubrics and standards. At one point in the article, Kozol speaks to a teacher that states, â€Å"I can do this with my dog†. This part of the article was a shock to me because I had no idea that curriculums like this existed in this country. How is it possible for these segregated schools to base their curriculum off of required classes while other richer schools focus on a curriculum that will better benefit the students? This is why segregation is still a major issue today. Students at the high school level are being limited in what they can achieve as well. Kozol proves his argument by interviewing students who w ould like to take classes that would interest them, but are unable to because they are forced to take classes that help them mold into society’s expectations. In his

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Beauty Practices Around the World Free Essays

Real beauty lies within but first impressions always last. Usually, we are more interested and fascinated on things that appeal to our sense of sight. That’s why being beautiful in the outside matters. We will write a custom essay sample on Beauty Practices Around the World or any similar topic only for you Order Now Tall, petite, brunette, blonde, fair, tanned, slim or curvy, we vary in beauty as we differ in culture and race. There is really no exact definition of what beautiful is for beauty indeed lies in the eye of the beholder. According to Meera Jain (www. skincare-news. com), â€Å"beauty is not one’s own but a reflection of one’s culture. The cultural implications of beauty are prominent in every culture and have a strong influence on the way women are perceived. Across the world, different cultural perceptions uphold an ideal of beauty that is linked to sexual appeal and social status. Making one’s self beautiful is an inborn trait. In general, the appeal of beauty is to attract a sexual partner or attain a higher social status. The process of beautification varies in each culture but mostly it is done to be considered attractive. Beauty is a means of self- expression and a reflection of our inner spirit. The quest for beauty has changed over the years but the purpose remains to show off material wealth, social position, authority, and flaunt sexual appeal. The desire to be admired by others drives most women to perform tasks to beautify themselves and change their form. In all cultures, clothing and jewelry styles are used to be more attractive. The Western culture applauds women who are tan, tall, and slender, have large breasts, small waists, and delicate features. On the other hand, the Eastern ideal is voluptuous, curvaceous, big eyes and strong noses. Meanwhile, Asians refer to long limbs and vital statistics as minor contributors to the beautiful body, what is more important is the state of mind. For the Asian religions, the treatment of beauty as a respectful and dignified attribute is emphasized in religious texts especially in Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, and Sikhism. For instance, religious idols and texts displayed in Western religions have not been nude and the idols are fully clothed while in Eastern religion idols are considered beautiful especially when depicted in the nude. Both cultures can admire the beauty of what is found in their houses of worship and use this to define their cultural ideal of beauty. Our views may vary on the essence of being beautiful but we all agree that for one to be beautiful in the outside, she should start by feeling beautiful in the inside. Women spend more time on pampering themselves and spend hours in front of the mirror to get the results they wanted. They also spend much on beauty products like makeup, lotion or moisturizers, spa and body treatments compared to men. Nonetheless, nothing can compare with the joy beauty brings to a person. Being branded as beautiful can boost one’s personality and self- confidence. The world has a lot to offer with the advent of technology and intensive researches in the field of beauty, being beautiful in the today’s generation is more affordable and practical. II. Caring for the Skin The skin is a very sensitive organ, which is the most exposed part of our body. Everyday, it is exposed to the scorching heat of the sun, dust particles, and air pollutants. We are constantly battling with the risk of getting pimples, blackheads, acne, and clogged pores to name a few. Great skin begins from within. Scandinavian women drink at least 1. 5 liters of spring water everyday but they also begin and end their day with 15-20 splashes of spring water on their face to help encourage the skin’s own natural functions. Different skincare products were launched to suit the type of skin we have. For example, in America, limejuice is used for bleaching. Other alternatives are bananas and milk, and egg white and honey combinations. On the other hand, most Asians resort to using whitening creams and soaps with papaya extract to achieve their desired skin color. In Europe, 75% of women regularly use skin care product every week. As a matter of fact their facial skin care markets up to $6 billion for 2000. It only proves that women give importance especially to their facial skin. Meanwhile, the use of sunscreen is also vital in maintaining flawless facial skin. Hispanics, African-Americans, and Asians in general apply sunscreen to help fight against dark spots and skin cancer. Italian models care for their hands as carefully as their face by mixing hydroquinone cream and olive oil to soften skin and erase hand freckles. On the other hand, Parisian models keep their skin glowing with salt rubs. They do this by taking approximately one cup of sea salt and mix it with a half- cup of peppermint tea to form a paste. Then they use this mixture by rubbing it in the shower of before bathing. Many women fear looking old thus anti-aging products were also created to keep us looking young and vibrant with life. In the United States Jolene Edgar of Redbook said that in order to restore radiance, an acid peel at the spa is recommended. It only takes twenty minutes for the mild mix of glycolic and salicylic acids to dissolve skin cells and impart a fresh- faced glow. Antioxidants also help skin aging by fighting skin aging radicals. In Japan, green tea is the beverage of choice to speed calorie- burning metabolism and to keep the face line free. Skin gets thin as one gets older due to a low collagen and elastic tissue which are responsible in keeping the skin firm and supple. This is the inevitable thinning of our skin and accounts for only 10% of the aging process. The sun’s penetrating rays have a direct effect on skin, thus injuring the cells and their contents. The skin shrivels and wrinkles as it lose moisture. If one likes to tan, expect a 20% reduction in collagen levels in a lifetime. Too much sun accounts for 90% of aging. Because of this, the use of sunscreen is highly recommended to act as a shield for the sensitive skin of the facial area and preventing the growth of dry dead skin. For example, Mediterranean women use olive oil to soothe and soften dry, irritated skin and also in treating sunburn. III. Makeup and Cosmetics Every woman wants to look for a best and it all starts with makeup. According to celebrity makeup artist Shalini Vadhera, choices in makeup for women of color are better today than they were a few years ago since companies have expanded their hands to include women of different cultures and formulated products to work on different skin tones. Women with Asian skin tone are advised to apply yellow- based products like the foundation to reveal a natural, flawless look. For paler Asian skin, mixing one’s regular base color with yellow-based foundation can do the trick. Asian women also look really nice in smoky color eye shadows like purple, lavender, pink, gray, and charcoal. For Asian eyes to stand out, highlighter is applied under the brow. The most important factor in deciding what color and how to apply eye shadow is to take into consideration the amount of fold you have above the eyelid. If you posses a fair amount of fold, then you can boldly apply dramatic colors such as black, deep turquoise and navy blue for night time wear and utilize the technique of multi-layering colors. Colors that are especially flattering for daytime wears are bronze and light colors applied close to the lashes while more intense colors are blended on top. However, www. ultimate-cosmetics. com mentioned that women with dark skin should stick to warm, earthy colors like gold, bronze and maroon while mauve, pink and silver on fairer skins. Lipsticks with medium dull shades and matte finish are also advised for lack-skinned women. Peachest blushers work best too while reddish tints should be avoided. In American and European countries, when the focus is on the eyes, lips look best nude. They do this by choosing a shade similar to their lip color and smooth a little gold lipstick or shimmer on top. The golden shade adds shimmer and makes lips appear fuller. Whether they wear foundation or not, they can play up their eyes with eye shadow, eyeliner and mascara top create a futuristic look. Whatever makeup one wears, correct application and choice of color must be put into consideration to attain best results. IV. Hair Care The hair is a reflection of one’s health and personality. They are important contribution to your total look and given the right care they can make you look beautiful. However, if neglected it can be distractive to your appearance. Hair is an integral part of the structure of your skin and like your skin, it changes with passage of time (www. womenfitness. net/beauty/hair/hairstruc. htm ). The hair and scalp needs proper care now and always. Negligence over a period of time may result to the formation of dry brittle hair, split-ends, hair fall, dandruff and many more. There are three types of hair namely oily hair, dry hair and combination hair, which commonly include hair with oily roots and dry ends. In addition, there are many ways to take care of hair according to type. Oil hair have separate strands and stick to your head. To keep it healthy, use mild shampoo, as often as necessary even if that means everyday. Use only very little shampoo and put a conditioner on the ends unless the hair is very oily. Then don’t use too hot a hairdryer and don’t also brush or comb more than necessary. On the other hand, dry hair tangles and brittle easily. To protect hair from being dry, shampoo your hair every 4-6 days using a mild shampoo. After which, use a cream conditioner combing it thoroughly through the hair and leaving it on for a few minutes before using. Meanwhile, the same guidelines apply to combination hair type. Hair, like beautiful wood, can be shaped, mounded, colored and, if properly taken care of, can be made to shine with health. (www. pg. com/science/haircare/hair__twh__2. htm ). Indian women are known for their thick, long, lush hair. They do a hot oil scalp massage once a week using coconut oil. Meanwhile, Spanish women use cranberry juice as their final rinse on their hair to give them fabulous natural highlights. For blonde, they use lemon juice instead of cranberry. Shampooing is a matter of cleanliness and hygiene, but also a matter of feeling style, and convenience (www. ourstorygueson. com/lhc/shampooing. htm). The more hair is washed, the more friction is applied and thus wear and tear. Be gentle to your hair if you want to cultivate it and be with you for many years. Brushes are more appropriate and convenient to use for short hair. They put a lot of control into short hair. It is difficult to use brushes with thicker and longer hair because it is difficult to get the brush through the hair and it also tends to catch the hair, possibly twisting, pulling, stretching, and even breaker than hair. However, combs are greatly preferred to brushes for longer hair. Usually, combs with wide teeth are preferred to those with narrower teeth. Combs are used to detangle hair, to aid in drying, to spread with oils along the shaft, and to arrange the hair after it is dry. Also, the larger the teeth and the wider apart the teeth are, the more gentle the comb is in the hair. Furthermore hair can become stronger and shinier if coupled with a balanced diet. A well- balanced diet, rich in silica, calcium, and iron, will help reduce or prevent hair loss while green leafy vegetables are good mineral sources. The hair is comprised mostly of protein, therefore to encourage hair growth, adhere to a diet rich in protein (www. womenfitness. net/hair-care-tips. htm) Choosing the right hairstyle can be the most important factor in one’s appearance. It balances your body, frames your face, and complements your clothes and lifestyle. When choosing a new hairstyle you should look carefully at the shape of your face. For example, if you have a round face you should aim to add length by avoiding a neat bob with a fringe. On the other hand, a heart shaped face should avoid a heavy slab of fringe that will make it look like a triangle. Meanwhile a short perky bob will go very nicely for oblong faces. Spa and Body Treatment Most people experience less leisure and more daily stress as they juggle work and career, family and friends. Nowadays, people no longer have to go on a cruise or hit the best beach to get the relaxation they deserve. Now, the key to a relaxing experience is just a phone call or a ride away, all because of the birth of spas. Asian spa focuses on harmony between the mind, body, and spirit through traditional massage, meditation, and herbal medicine. Ancient herbal remedies, steam compresses, natural ingredients, and simple principles based on a combination of Indian Ayurvedic and Chinese dominate Asian Spa. Many of the herbal treatments used in the spas are coupled with European remedies to soften the skin and nourish the soul. In Switzerland, spas are classified according to their degrees of stimulation. For example spas located in areas with an altitude of 1550- 3410 feet have soothing effects on the nervous system while those situated in 3720- 5890 feet simulates the nervous system and production of blood. Meanwhile in Monte Carlo, Monaco, spa centers provide manual therapy such as fascia therapy, shiatsu or reflexology, physiotherapy, kinesitherapy and sophrology. Furthermore, Ireland provides both luxury and serenity in their spas like the Elysium Spa, which includes an ozone deck level pool, Jacuzzi and steam room, needle shower, and a fitness room for Pilates, exercise and dance classes. On the other hand, most spas are open- air in Tahiti. These are located in garden areas facing the lagoons. Soothing lagoon waters, vanilla and flower scented breezes and the scenic beauty of Tahiti add to the appeal of the spas. In Mexico, spa services include hydrotherapy, body scrubs, all types of facials and massages, aromatherapy and herbal baths, lymphatic and ocean front massages are some of the services offered. They also offer reflexology, Zen shiatsu, Anma Shiatsu, Reiki, stretching therapy, chiropractic and Iris diagnosis and full hair care. Massage is considered as an essential element in maintaining good health and restores the well being of both mind and body. All forms of massage follow the principle of restoring natural balance by ensuring the easy flow of â€Å"Chi† the energy of life force of the body. Massage from Bali or India use aromatic oils to stimulate the sensory system. Moreover, the pressure applied along the body’s meridians and yoga postures can also enhance one’s well – being. Besides massage, spas also offer body baths. In Indonesia, the Mandi Susu or milk bath makes skin soft and pure to the touch. Modern formulations of this ritual, which is from goat, sheep or cow’s milk, have eliminated the taste and smell of milk while maintaining its nutrients with protein that softens skin. An alternative for this ritual that can be done at home is by pouring fresh or powdered milk in with the buttermilk are also good alternatives. Another body treatment is the Ocean bath, which focuses on the healing properties of unrefined sea salt, which is effective in removing toxins from the body. Sea salt nutrients are also easier to absorb by the body. Aromatherapy oils are also effective in relieving stress. A drop or combination of essential oils into warm water are absorbed into skin while the rest evaporate and inhaled which soothe muscles and mind. Oils like chamomile, lavender and rose can calm the body while ginger, sage, rosemary detoxifies it. Furthermore, ylang-ylang, geranium, and sandalwood can ignite passion while grapefruit, lemon, mandarin, peppermint, and pine have brain boosting ingredients. The body is not the only one that needs to be pampered but the face also deserves some special treatments from time to time. According to Anitra Brown the most popular treatment is a salt glow or sea salt facial scrub done with coffee grounds, finely ground pecan shells or the Napa Valley grape seeds. V. Cosmetic Surgery Don’t we all want to look like the models that we see on television or magazines? Many people want to look better that some resort to surgery to make them look prettier and sexier. Some people want to get rid of fats immediately and without the rigor of strict dieting and regular exercise. Liposuction is a special surgery that sucks fats from the body. Liposuction is one of the most wanted surgeries in the world wherein people get a leaner body shape by losing inches rather than pounds. It is done by a doctor who makes small cuts in your skin and then puts tubes into the cuts. These tubes connect to a machine that sucks out fat from under your skin. Liposuction is an artistic expression that practices practical application of scientific knowledge in pursuit in beauty and making people feel happier and contented with what they see in the mirror. In Thailand, doctors utilize the revolutionary Tumescent Liposuction since it does not require general anesthesia and has a faster recovery time with the same results. In Tumescent Liposuction; areas with excess fat are injected with a large amount of anesthetic liquid before liposuction is performed. This liquid enlarges the compartments of fat, which makes the liposuction canella to travel smoothly beneath the skin while the fat is being removed. It also provides pain relief after the procedure. The common areas covered by liposuction include the neck, stomach, back, face, lore handles, hips breasts, calves, thighs, upper arms, buttocks, and knees. However, liposuction does not promise a well- sculpted body shape forever. The fats removed will still come back if one eats more exercise less than necessary. Moreover, it is not suitable for people who are too heavy or trying to lose weight. Liposuction is also prohibited to those who have a disease that would affect healing or those under medication that would affect the healing process. Furthermore, liposuction costs much and most health plans do not cover this kind of surgery. Another pitfall of liposuction is asymmetry and rippling or bagginess of skin. Also, skin injury occurs and pigmentation changes. Many women also undergo breast augmentation which enhances the size of breasts using inflatable implants filled with saline. Surgery takes one hour to two hours only. Patients may experience temporary soreness, swelling, change in nipple sensation, and bruising. Moreover, the breast becomes sensitive to stimulation for a few weeks. Breast augmentation may also result to the formation of scar tissues in the breast and it may also decrease or increase the sensitivity of the breast area permanently. The breast lift is another procedure which can improve the shape of women’s breasts. The surgery helps raise and reshape sagging breasts by removing excess skin and repositioning remaining tissue and nipples. Temporary bruising, swelling, discomfort, numbness, dry breast skin and permanent scars are just some of the side effects of this form of surgery. Another high risk is the loss of feeling of nipples and breast including having uneven location of nipples. Another method of making skin look younger is the chemical peel which restores wrinkled, blemished, unevenly pigmented, or sun-damaged facial skin, using a chemical solution to peel away skin’s top layers. It works best on fair, thin skin with superficial wrinkles. Presence of temporary tiny whiteheads ; infection; scarring; flare-up of skin allergies, fever blisters, cold sores, abnormal color changes and a rare chance of heart irregularities are just some of the risks one has to take in undergoing this treatment. Dermabrasion is another method involving the skin. It is the mechanical scraping of the top layers of skin using a high-speed rotary wheel. This surgery softens sharp edges of surface irregularities, including acne and other scars and fine wrinkles, especially around the mouth. One may experience temporary tingling, burning, itching, swelling, and redness in this form of surgery. The facelift is another favorite of old women since it improves sagging facial skin, jowls, and loose neck skin by removing excess fat, tightening muscles, and redraping skin. This is most often done on men and women over 40. Temporary bruising, swelling, numbness and tenderness of skin; a tight feeling and occurrence of dry skin are some side effects of this surgery. While for men, permanent need to shave behind ears, where beard-growing skin is repositioned. Facial implants can also renew the structure of one’s face by changing the basic shape and balance of the face using carefully shaped implants to build up a receding chin, add prominence to cheekbones, or reshape the jawline. After surgery, shifting or imprecise positioning of implant, or infection around it, may require a second operation or removal. Excess tightening and hardening of scar tissue around an artificial implant (â€Å"capsular contracture†), can cause unnatural shape. The face is not the only issue addressed by plastic surgery but other body parts as well like the ears. Ear surgery or otoplasty sets prominent ears back closer to the head, or reduce the size of large ears. This is most often done on children between the ages of four and fourteen years. Temporary throbbing, aching, swelling, redness, and numbness accompany otoplasty. Furthermore, excessive scarring may occur and cartilage may be infected during the process. It can also result to mismatched or artificial looking ears. In these cases, repeat of surgery is required. Another twist is the browlift or forehead lift wherein forehead creases, drooping eyebrows, hooding over eyes, furrowed forehead and frown lines are minimized by removing excess tissue, altering muscles and tightening the forehead skin. It may be done using the traditional technique, with an incision across the top of the head just behind the hairline; or with the use of an endoscope, which requires three to five short incisions, which is most often done on people over forty. This can cause itching and hair loss. Furthermore, the method can injure the facial nerve which will cause loss of motion and muscle weakness. Nowadays the hair can already undergo surgery through the hair replacement surgery. The surgery fills in balding areas with a patient’s own hair using a variety of techniques including scalp reduction, tissue expansion, strip grafts, scalp flaps, or clusters of punch grafts. This works best on men with male pattern baldness after hair loss has stopped. A patient may experience a temporary ache and a tight scalp after surgery including an unnatural look of the hair. We also have the nose surgery which reshapes the nose by reducing or increasing size, removing hump, changing shape of tip or bridge, narrowing span of nostrils, or changing angle between nose and upper lip. It is also done to relieve some breathing problems. Infection and small burst blood vessels resulting in tiny, permanent red spots are some of its side effects. Incomplete improvement however, may require additional surgery. People have a lot of alternatives when it comes to plastic surgery. Due to the advent of science and technology, being and looking beautiful is made easy so long as you have the money and the confidence to face its consequences. VI. Conclusion Being beautiful takes a lot of time, effort, and money. The different beauty practices around the world cater to our needs to become the best of what we can be and to make us contented and happy of our physical attributes. We need to be aware and updated of the latest techniques and practices in keeping or maintaining our beauty. The world has a lot to offer especially with the help of science and technology in providing us with our needs. However, we should not only focus on materials or practices that can make us beautiful in the outside but also in the inside. To be considered beautiful, we have to balance both so our real beauty may shine. BIBLIOGRAPHY Wild, Russel (June 1998) 8 Easy Ways to Beat Fatigue, Reader’s Digest, pp. 31-33. Parachin, Victor (May- June 2002) The Daily Grind: Ways to Ease Up on Life’s Pressures, Health and Home Magazine, pp. 30- 31. Evangelista, Ianne (November 2006) Style Checklist, Cosmopolitan, p. 80. White, Kate (August 2002) The Best Beauty Buys for Summer Travel, Cosmopolitan, p. 98. White, Kate (August 2002) Max Out Your Summer Sexiness, Cosmopolitan pp. 216- 219. Adolphe, Nicole (July 1999) BeautySpot, Dolly, p. 46. Kramer, Cheryl (September 2003) Keep Your Skin Sun- Kissed, Redbook, pp. 69-70. Edgar, Jolene (September 2003) Makeup Made Easy, Redbook, pp. 77-85. www. thaimakeover. com/ccosmetic-plastic-surgery-bangkok-thailand www. nlm. nih. gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_45553. html www. 99bali. com/spa/thestory/asian_health/index. html www. beautybathbodyspa. com www. mamashealth. com/skincare/exfoliate. asp www. jurgita. com/articles-id31. html www. natureproducts. net/Cosmetics/acne_3html www. real-articles. com www. laser-hair-removal-tips. com www. phuket-spas. cpm/treatments/index. htm www. highbeam. com/doc www. massagemag. com/spa/treatment www. glamourhunt. com www. ultimate-cosmetics. com www. womenfitness. net/beauty/hair/hairstruc. htm www. pg. com/science/haircare/hair__twh__2. htm www. ourstorygueson. com/lhc/shampooing/shampooing. htm www. ourstorygueson. com/lhc/shampooing/shampooing. htm How to cite Beauty Practices Around the World, Papers

Saturday, December 7, 2019

A Hanging Audience Essay Research Paper I free essay sample

A Hanging Audience Essay, Research Paper I had neer realised what it means to destruct a healthy, witting adult male. After reading and understanding George Orwell s feelings through his experiences in his essay A Hanging. We come to recognize that George Orwell, a visitant from the European constitution, gets the chance to take part in the executing of a Hindu adult male. We realise that the writer is degraded by what he has witnessed and experienced, and decides to portion his feelings with the remainder of the constitution through his Hagiographas. We understand that the writer s intent is to demo how debauched he feels by the events that took topographic point that forenoon in Burma. Throughout his essay the writer shows, that the captives are treated like animate beings. We see this when the writer is depicting the cells, he states, We were waiting outside the condemned cells, a row of sheds fronted with dual bars, like little carnal coops. We will write a custom essay sample on A Hanging Audience Essay Research Paper I or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We besides see this evident when he is depicting the manner it took six guards to escort a puny wisp of a adult male. He says, It was like work forces managing a fish which is still alive and may leap back into the H2O. The writer s intent is to besides let the audience to understand the manner the guards and overseer felt towards the captives. We see this when the overseer is upset because the executing is running tardily, and says, For God s interest haste up, Francis. And The adult male ought to hold been dead by this clip. This allows the reader to see the discourtesy the authorization has towards the captives. We see that the writer s intent is to let the readers to understand that the captives were non treated humanly, and allows us to see the negative attitudes the authorization had towards the captives. Knowing and understanding the writer s intent, we see where he is coming from and what his point of position is. We see that the writer is person that does non hold with the activities that occur in the native prison. It makes the writer feel uncomfortable with the constitution and its processs. The writer realizes the wrongfulness in killing person who s populating a healthy life, we see this when the writer provinces, I saw the enigma, the indefinable inappropriateness, of cutting a life short when it is in full tide. Even though he does non object to these actions he does non hold with them. Through this we see that the writer s point of position is person who understands that the events that took topographic point that forenoon in Burma, were non humanist and degrading. Now that we understand the writers purpose and point of position, we look at whom the writer is aiming his essay to. We see that the writer is sharing his ideas and his experiences with the European magistrate and constitution. One important manner of seeing this is through the writer s manner of specifically depicting the prison itself and even the manner the guards presented themselves. This is apparent when the writer describes the manner gallows appeared. He states, It was a brick hard-on like three sides of a shed, with planking on top, and above that two beams and a crossbar with the rope suspension. We see that the writer s audience is the constitution and magistrate, non merely through the manner he described things in item, nevertheless it is besides apparent in his linguistic communication. By uniting the manner the writer felt, his point of position and his audience. we eventually agree that George Orwell was so degraded by the events that took topographic point that forenoon, that he truly wanted the remainder of the members in the constitution to hear and besides recognize the wrongfulness of the events that take topographic point non merely that forenoon, but possibly every twenty-four hours in a native town called Burma. And possibly George Rowel was so disturbed by his experience, that he felt the best manner to alleviate his defeat and choler, would be through sharing his narrative with those who might see the wrongfulness and assist better the state of affairs itself.

Friday, November 29, 2019

The effects of electromagnetic fields on human health

Introduction Abbreviated as EMF or EM field, an electromagnetic field can be described as a physical field mainly generated when electrically charged objects are moved. It usually affects the behavior of all charged particles within the neighborhood of the field. In general, electromagnetic field exists indefinitely in space and denotes scientific electromagnetic interaction, which is among nature’s fundamental forces. Others include strong and weak interaction and gravitational interaction.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The effects of electromagnetic fields on human health specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This field can therefore be considered as a combination of magnetic and electric fields, produced by currents and stationary charges respectively (Joe 1). These are described as the major sources of any electromagnetic field. It is important to note that electromagnetic fields have found an array of a pplications that have continued to be beneficial to mankind. Nevertheless, these electromagnetic fields have a wide range of effects on human health. This report gives an analysis of these effects and how human beings respond. Other segments synthesized include but not limited to types of electromagnetic fields, sources, solutions and recommendations. Types of electromagnetic fields Classification of electromagnetic fields is based on the wavelength, giving a unique type of radiation for a given emission. Despite the fact that this approach of classification has been proved to be effective and accurate, neighboring electromagnetic energies overlap. In some cases, classification of electromagnetic fields is based on sources of radiation, say when differentiating X-rays from gamma rays. The following segments describe different types of electromagnetic fields, commonly encountered through their significant applications. Radio frequency Appropriate antennas make use of radio waves as d escribed under the resonance principle, with an approximate wavelength range of between one millimeter and several hundreds of meters. Radio waves are common in data transmission through modulation. Common devices which use these waves include but not limited to television, wireless networking, amateur radio and mobile phones (Joe 1). The usage of this type of radiations is always government-regulated through allocation of frequencies. Microwaves This type of waves is short and able to make use of tubular metal waveguides, which have a realistic diameter. Microwave energy is principally produced by magnetron and klystron tubes coupled with solid diodes like IMPATT and Gunn equipment (Hinwood 123). Additionally, the waves can only be absorbed by particles that have a dipole moment while in their liquid state. They are applied in thermal heating, in Wi-Fi and in volumetric heating. Infrared Radiation Infrared spectrum occurs within a range of 300 GHz to 400 THz and can be broadly divi ded into three sections, namely, Far, Mid, and Near-infrared. Far-infrared ranges between 300 GHz to 30THz, with its lower part sometimes referred to as microwaves. It is absorbed by rotational modes in gaseous state, by phonons in solid state and by movement of molecules in the liquid phase.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, mid-infrared occurs within a frequency of 30 to 120 THz (Hinwood 123). It is believed that heated objects effectively radiate in this region as it is absorbed by vibrations of molecules when they are at equilibrium positions. The region is sometimes referred to as fingerprint region. Lastly, the near-infrared spectrum falls within 120 and 400 THz. It exhibits physical processes that are identical to those observed under visible light. Visible radiation This includes the range in which most stars like the sun emit their radiations. Additio nally, the human eye is highly sensitive to this region. Visible light is principally absorbed and released by elections moving from one energy shell to another. It therefore follows that the light seen by human eyes represents a very minute portion of the electromagnetic field (Hinwood 124). Ultraviolet radiation The wavelength of this radiation falls below violet but higher than X-rays. Abbreviated as UV, these radiations have the ability to break chemical bonds, causing some molecules to be more reactive or alter their physical properties. UV radiations cause sunburns, which occur when skin cells are affected by rays. This has been found to be a major cause of skin cancer in most parts of the world. Besides these, UV may affect DNA molecules resulting into irreparable mutation problems. The sun is known to be a major source of UV rays, posing a threat to humanity as the risk of desertification heightens. However, these rays are usually absorbed by the ozone layer, which is threat ened by depletion due to emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. X-rays These rays also have the ionizing potential and interact with matter as a result of the Compton Effect. They are classified as either hard or soft X-rays. Because of their ability to pass through a range of materials, X-rays are commonly used to see through other objects. This has led to X-rays being adopted for radiography, a process that allows scanning of organs to facilitate diagnostic processes in medicine. They are also used in astronomy and high-energy physics (Attix 124). Gamma radiations These rays were discovered in 1900 by Paul Villard. Since their discovery, they have been widely applied in physics, medicine and general science. They are the strongest and most energetic radiations known to human beings. They can be produced from radioactive isotopes. Other applications include irradiation, and cancer imaging using PET scans (Attix 124). Through Compton scattering, the wavelength of these ra ys can be determined. As mentioned before, most electromagnetic fields exhibit overlap of energies. As a result, there are no distinct boundaries for various bands of magnetic radiations. Consequently, some radiations carry a mixture of properties.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The effects of electromagnetic fields on human health specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Sources of electromagnetic radiations There are two major sources of electromagnetic fields known in history. These are natural sources and human made sources. The main natural source of electromagnetic sources is the sun, the largest star that has a lot of significance to human life. As mentioned above, Ultraviolet rays are emitted by the sun and have harmful effect on human health; they cause sunburns that lead to skin cancer and destruction of skin cells (Hinwood 121). UV rays are usually absorbed by the ozone layer prevent their full impact from reaching the earth. However, due to the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, there has been continuous depletion of the ozone, allowing these rays to hit the earth directly, a condition that exposes the earth to desertification and high prevalence of skin diseases. Apart from the sun as the main source of electromagnetic fields, human made sources have also become significant and of importance in the world. Under this category, electricity is believed to be the commonest source of electromagnetic fields. Being a major source of power around the world, this implies that human beings are prone to exposure of rays produced by electricity (Sources of Electromagnetic Radiation 1). These rays are mainly produced when electricity is transmitted through cables and machines. Importantly, electricity continues to produce electromagnetic fields even after it has been delivered to users. In other words, electricity emits radiations from generation to distribution through transmissi on. In its usage, people in offices, institutions, homes, factories and other structures are vulnerable to getting in contact with radiations produced by electricity (Hinwood 122). Beyond, electricity, almost every electrical appliance and equipment emit radiations that interact with the user or operator. In the understanding of electromagnetic fields, it is important to note that there are several generators of radiations at workplaces. These mainly include electric appliances and electronic devices like computers, printers, fax machines, fluorescent lights, scanners, copy machines, motors, telephone switching systems and other countless electrical devices. In most homes around the world, electromagnetic generators include electric blankets, television, electric water bed heaters, cell phones, clothes washers, blenders, coffee makers, microwave ovens, stereo systems and refrigerators among others (Hinwood 121). Notably, electromagnetic radiations are not only produced when applianc es use electricity, but it is the nature of these appliances like television, radio and other communication gadgets to emit radiations.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Aside from electricity and electric appliances, several transportation methods are also a source of electromagnetic radiations. These methods are magnetic trains, automobiles, subway systems, airplanes and trucks. It is worth noting that in the presence of two or more sources of electromagnetic fields at the same location, there is a likelihood of overlapping fields to be produced. This means that office and metropolitan homes are usually saturated with an array of electromagnetic fields from different sources within their vicinity (Sources of Electromagnetic Radiation 1). Effects electromagnetic radiations Although most electromagnetic fields have limitless applications in life, say in medicine, physics and astronomy among other disciplines, research has found out that there are countless effects caused by these radiations on human body and in general daily living. These effects can be classified into several categories like electrical hazards, fire hazards, biological effects and other long-term effects (Upton 65). Electrical and fire hazards The use of electricity exposes users to high risk levels associated with strong radiations that have the potential of releasing an electric shock to human beings or even animals. Electrical shocks have varying impact depending on the strength of the electric current flowing. Nevertheless, strong shocks are fatal and can cause death of human beings through electrocution. Overloading of these radiations can also lead to the destruction of electrical equipment if control measures are not taken. Another effect of electromagnetic radiations is explosions. This is common in cases where strong radiations are being used coupled with faulty transmission or connection errors. Electrical explosions are dangerous and the intensity of an explosion equally depends on the source of radiations and the nature of interruptions. These explosions lead to loss of lives and destruction of property (Blake and Henry 370). Fire hazards are also a common effect of electromagnetic radiations. This mainly occurs when induced voltage is higher than the breakdown voltage within a particular region. In extreme cases, sparks are common, resulting into fire accidents. This is a major cause of forest fires and other electricity-related fire accidents. Major adverse effects of such cases include loss of life and destruction of property (Sources of Electromagnetic Radiation 2). Biological hazards Exposure to electromagnetic radiations results into short and long-term biological effects. As a result, people are likely to experience the impact of radiations variedly depending on the type of radiation and degree of exposure. Although short term effects of electromagnetic fields in human beings are common, it is important to note some of the symptoms exhibited by victims may not be recognized easily. As such, many cases of electromagnetic exposure go unnoticed among many people around the world. What are some of these short-term effects ? They include physical changes on the human body, which could easily be associated with lack of certain nutrients in the body. Common effects include: hair loss, headaches, stress, nausea, chest pain, sunburns and hyperthermia among others. Importantly, some of these may turn into long-term effects like skin cancer resulting from simple sunburns (Upton 65). Long term effects One of the major long term effects of electromagnetic fields in human beings is brain tumors. Most cell phones used today emit radiations that cause excitation of some brain parts whereas others are inhibited. The brain’s cortex is the most vulnerable part as it is adjacent to the outside of the ear where phones are placed during communication (Blake and Henry 370). Apart from formation of tumors, exposure to radiations causes general damage of the brain. Cell phone frequencies also lead to aggressive growth of cells among Leukemia patients. This is common in both children and adults, although the impact depends on the level of exposure. Additionally, these fields result into high cases of miscarriage among pregnant women. Electric appliances known to emit such rays include food mixers, hairdryers and vacuum cleaners commonly used domestically. Another permanent impact of electromagnetic fields is the irreparable damage of the DNA. This results into birth defects and neurodegenerative diseases. As mentioned earlier, skin cancer is common due to sunburns caused by high exposure to UV radiations (Upton 65). Recommendation and conclusion As noted above, almost all electromagnetic fields have negative effects on human being. It is therefore important to consider ways of mitigating the effects of these rays or limiting human exposure. Government solutions include proper power lines and cell phone towers location to avoid disconnections and erroneous faults. The government should further educate the public on potential impact of EMF’s. Personal mitigation efforts include minimizin g phone usage and determination of EMF’s levels at home so as to take necessary measures. Works Cited Attix, Frank. Introduction to radiological physics and radiation dosimetry. Munich: Wiley-VCH, 1986. Print. Blake, Levitt, and Henry Lai. â€Å"Biological effects from exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted by cell tower base stations and other antenna arrays.† Environmental Reviews, 18.1 (2010): 369-395. Hinwood, Barry. A textbook of science for the health professions. United Kingdom: Nelson Thornes, 1992. Print. Joe, Hall. â€Å"The Negative Effects of Electromagnetic Fields.† Consumer Health 20.9 (1997): 1. Print. Sources of Electromagnetic Radiation. â€Å"What are Electromagnetic Fields?† Apple Mobile, 2011. Web. Upton, Arthur. Health effects of exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEIR V. New York: National Academies, 1990. Print. This report on The effects of electromagnetic fields on human health was written and submitted by user Everett Cain to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Jay Z Story of O.J Professor Ramos Blog

Jay Z Story of O.J Hip hop has been known for decades to have hidden meaning in its song. Recently due to the rise of trap and mumble rap, the meanings have changed to Drugs, Money, and Degrading women. The rise of trap and mumble rap caused some older rapping to either adapt or fall off. A veteran rapper like Jay z, who always stay true to his own style would not succumb to this problem. In most peoples eyes, Jay Z is considered a rap legend, He is respected by his peers and either inspired or paved the way for others. From songs like 99 Problems to Empire state of mind, Jay Z has been nominated 77 times and has won 22 Grammy awards. Jay Z has many hidden messages in his songs, He can give a clear message and deliver sick flows to the listener understanding. In one of his more recent projects called 4:44 in which he won a grammy. On there he has a song called The Story of Oj. The song and its music video have deep cultural meanings with a tone of awareness. The story of Oj makes the black community as k what should our priorities really be and how we should approach them. The Story of O.J. shows the viewer the darker side of American history through images and wordplay. How the Dark past has affected their identity.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The starts off with the person singing skin black, my skin is black this chores was sampled from the late Nina Simone, an African American Singer and civil rights activist. The Song Jay Z sampled is Nina Simone Four Women the Song is about empowering black beauty.   The animation style is based on the old early 1900s of black facing and monkey-like imagery to depict black people, also known as minstrelsy. It was America number 1 form of entertainment around the 19th century white men would put pitch-black oil and white gloves to perform their acts. The acts would use black stereotypes like eating watermelon for the jokes and loudly exaggerate black voices; this was not only degrading but racist.   An early example of minstrelsy is with Warner Brothers Looney Toons and old Disney animations Disney. In looney tunes, characters would wear white gloves, fake black voices there was even an episode where Bugs Bunny uses oil to blend in with black people.   The chores Light nigga, dark nigga, faux nigga, real nigga, Rich nigga, poor nigga, house nigga, field nigga, Still nigga, still nigga I like that second one, Light nigga, dark nigga, faux nigga, real nigga, Rich nigga, poor nigga, house nigga, field nigga, Still nigga, still nigga (Jay Z). The chores came from the idea that since black people came from nothing which is understandable,   that when we get success and money, we forget about our culture and where we come from. Another idea came from a Malcolm X speech, X said back during slavery there were two kinds of Negroes. The house Negro who always looked out for his master because of the better treatment, and then you had the field Negroes they hated their master because of there treatment. These lyrics parallel to Kanye west lyrics in his hit song All Falls Down Even if you in a Benz, you still a nigga in a coupe, most interpret no matter how much money and success you accumulate youre still black in their eyes. In the music v ideo during the first chores, they show all the types of Black people Jay z was referring too and lastly showing O.J. who the song is named after. Oj Simpson was an American football player from San Francisco California. He went to college at USC, where he would win the Heisman trophy the most prestigious award in college football. He got drafted by the buffalo bills, there Oj rushed for over 2000 yards in a season. Since Oj was so successful and accomplished as a   football player, he thought he was above the racial conflict. In 1994, Simpson was arrested and charged with the murders of his ex-wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and her boyfriend, Ron Goldman. He would be found not guilty of the crimes, during the trial he uttered the famous quote Im Not Black, Im O.J. this is where Jay Z gets his famous one-liner Im not Black, Im O.J., Okay in his song Story Of O.J.   His verse rap verse starts with House nigga, dont fuck with me, Im a field nigga, with shined cutlery, Gold-plated quarters, where the butlers be, I ma play the corners where the hustlers be (Jay Z) while during the scene it goes to Jay Z cartoon style picking up cotton this goes back to the Malcolm Xs reference to the African slaves who worked in the house. They often grew fond of their master since they were treated better than field slaves. This dynamic caused some house slaves to preserve and protect the slave institute. House slaves believed their lives were optimum, while field slaves hated their masters and wanted to escape. Then switches to Jay Z on the counter of a new york street which probably references his hard beginning where he had to sell drugs on the corner to get by, this contrast to him being a field negro when he was a drug dealer.     Still In verse one the line I told him, Please dont die over the neighborhood, That your mama rentin, Take your drug money and buy the neighborhood, Thats how you rinse it ( Jay Z). This refers to how violent gang neighborhoods are and how gang members die over a counter or block that the government owns. Mostly all drug dealers dont have happy endings staying in the game or profession, so instead Jay Z believes you would use your drug money and by the neighborhood rent it out and make it a better place. This goes into Jay Z talking about financial literacy. The Next verse and scene start off with jay talking to his psychiatrist about the better financial decision. The lyrics go I bought every V12 engine Wish I could take it back to the beginning I coulda bought a place in DUMBO before it was DUMBO. For like 2 million That same building today is worth 25 million. Guess how Im feelin? Dumbo (Jay Z). Hip hop has created a lot of harmful ideals. One of those ideals is about forging whips. Typically when black rapper or athlete get their first big payday, they spend it on an expensive car instead of buying a piece of property. Jay Z trying to teach the viewer that instead of using the money to buy an expensive that depreciate quickly, buy a piece of property that gains value over time. The music video then goes to a stripper dance with Jay tells us, you wanna know whats more important than throwing away money at a strip club? Credit. Jay giving us more financial advice this time about credit, which in fact it may be just as important or more valuable than money. If you have a bad credit score getting a loan from a bank, its almost impossible. Then he givens us a lesson on how Jewish people own all properties in America. The music video show how he bought artwork for 1 million and each year it when up in value. Jay Z, according to Forbes, is the first billion-dollar rapper most of his wealth was accumulated in artwork and rea l-estate. The last scene shows Jay Z coming out from below the deck of the slave ship with the white sailor saluting him. The scene represents that he made it out of the struggle and now own the boat. The song goes to its chorus and shows all the historical black figures rapping along, finally once again showing a dark past. Since early America, it took African American over one hundred years to find their self meaning and identity because of all the set back they have faced. Jay Z Story of O.J   masterfully shows this struggle.

Friday, November 22, 2019

Analyzing professional reports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analyzing professional reports - Essay Example In as much as the international community has been on a mission to degrade Al-Qaida’s core leadership, acts of terrorism continue to evolve. The report quickly points out how leadership losses in Pakistan, weak governance and Middle East instability play a significant role in accelerating the decentralization of the Al-Qaida movement and networks across the globe. On a different perspective, the government report states how AQ leadership tends to have trouble in the maintenance of cohesion within the group’s network. Therefore, the group became operational from core Al-Qaida and instead focused on both regional and local objectives. Finally, the government report states how the past years there has been an emergence of various aggressive Al-Qaida affiliates from Syria, Yemen, Somalia and Northwest Africa. Terrorist violence in recent years has been fueled by various sectarian motivations, which marks a trend that is worrisome especially in countries such as Lebanon, Syria and Pakistan. In these nations, the terrorism acts mostly befall the civilian populations. From the government report on acts of terrorism in 2013, the rhetorical style is a bit straightforward in that, the report has few but long sentences. The government report starts by the general description of how acts of terrorism across the globe have been on the rise. The use of this technique immediately shows how this particular report is informal not only to the United States of America citizens but also to the entire globe. Alternatively, the report knows exactly how to capture and engage the interests of the readers. This particular report is generally used as a background data from the beginning of the report when the Bureau of Counterterrorism makes in this in the particular paragraph-Al-Qaida and some of its affiliates are the main groups behind the acts of terrorism across the globe. Another statement in the report that

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

People in Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

People in Organisations - Essay Example   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"A process in which leader and followers interact in a way that enables the leader to influence the actions of the followers in a non-coercive way, towards the achievement of certain aims or objectives.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Leaders carry out this process by applying their leadership attributes, such as beliefs, values, ethics, character, knowledge, and skills. To inspire team members into attaining higher levels of teamwork, there are certain attributes that the team leader must have, certain things he should know, and, certain functions that he should perform. These do not come naturally to most of them, but are acquired through continuous analysis and study. Only those become good leaders who are continually WORKING and STUDYING to improve their leadership skills; they are NOT resting on their laurels.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The present essay focuses on a team that has been consistently performing for some time now. Any organization’s management including the top-rung leadership and the individual teams must strive to achieve better results and aim for achieving higher objectives. No matter how well the team has been performing, it is necessary for any team to adopt such an approach because it helps in the development of a team in terms of both the performance as well as increased revenues for the company in the long run. .  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Two basic things are necessary for any performing team, which is looking to improve its performance- Strategy and Tactics. Tom Peters in his book Thriving on Chaos, had said-â€Å"What have you done today to enhance (or at least insure against the decline of) the relative overall useful-skill level of your work force vis-à  -vis competitors†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With reference to a performing team, when Peters mentioned, "enhancing", he was speaking of the strategic plans that will help the team members

Monday, November 18, 2019

Designing, Developing an Evaluation g Educational Technology Essay

Designing, Developing an Evaluation g Educational Technology - Essay Example The process of using technological evaluation also assists in setting objectives. Every institution involved in education must have set objectives that must be achieved. It is only through evaluation that the extent at which objectives are being achieved can be identified. It is therefore necessary for learning institutions to adopt technological evaluation tool since it will assist in setting and achieving objectives. According to John Dewey, a teacher should not be a sole figure in the process of education but rather as a guide to the process of education and learning (Howland, 2012). Learning is a continuous process that has no end. Most importantly in order to learn one should have the knowledge. Knowledge comes from the daily interaction with the environment. It is therefore not right to conclude that pedagogical knowledge is enough and complete for the process of learning. Although possession of content is very important for learning, it is not also complete for the whole process of learning. In order for complete learning to take place, there must be a good learning environment, which is required by leaners. Learners have different needs and have different capacities to learn. Possession of content alone cannot be used to determine whether learning has taken place. There is also need to test the psychomotor domains of learning in addition to affective domain of learning in order to accompli sh a satisfactory process of learning. Some of the skills proposed by NETS are improving high thinking skills for students such as problem solving, critical thinking, and creativity. For a thorough learning process to occur in a lesson a teacher should find a way of testing these skills. The teacher posing questions that requires critical thinking and reasoning can do this. Allowing group discussions can also help learners in coming up with solutions for their problems hence

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Emerging Technologies: Business And Society

Emerging Technologies: Business And Society Over the last decade, emerging technologies have no doubt influenced almost every sector of society and business. Whether by their promise of better society and business or by the curse of disquiet etched in their wings; Robotics and Nanotechnology, among a few other emerging technologies, have certainly played a part in shaping todays business and society for tomorrow. The emergence of Nanotechnology and Robotics was, to some extent, instigated and inspired by certain fundamental needs and pursuits of society and business. The business desire for cost-efficiency and societys pursuit of sustainability in the form of better health care, a cleaner environment, security, etc are just a glimpse of what may have triggered the emergence of these among other technologies. However, the technologies success, or lack of it, is to a large extent dependent on, the overall short and long term, how well they respond to the primary needs and pursuits of businesses and society. This report focuses on Nanotechnology and Robotics discussing some of their varied range of practical, theoretical and experimental applications. The report, in essence, draws from the diverse applications of these two technologies, their implications and impacts on businesses and society hitherto and perhaps in the near future. The analysis, also acknowledges and draws from lessons learnt in preceding and contemporary technologies such as genetic engineering and nuclear energy. The analysis shows that the success of the technologies depends on their close evolutionary interaction with their resident businesses and society which are also changing in response albeit at a different pace. Introduction The influence of emerging technologies on almost every sector of business and society cannot be overstated over the last decade. Whether by their promise of better society and business or by the curse of disquiet etched in their wings; Robotics and Nanotechnology, among other emerging technologies in the frontline, have certainly played a part in shaping todays business and society for tomorrow. The emergence of Nanotechnology and Robotics may, to some extent, have been instigated and inspired by certain fundamental needs and pursuits of society and business. The desire for greater efficiency cost or otherwise in business, better health care, a cleaner environment, security and etc for sustainable society are just a glimpse of pursuits that may have triggered the emergence of these two among other technologies. However, just as their preceding or contemporary counterparts such as genetic engineering, their success, or lack of it, is to a large extent dependent on the overall short and long term impact they portend for business and society. Robotics and Nanotechnology are two among the foremost of countless emerging technologies ushered into the new century whose impact on society and business is yet to be fully realised or determined. Determining the impacts of these two is no simple task. The range of applications for these two technologies, whether already practical or still theoretical, is quite enormous and diverse making it even more difficult for one to establish the full extent of their impact. There is however no doubt that these two have had their share of both positive and negative impacts on business and society and will continue to during their evolution. Whatever the impacts, their measure may be drawn from how businesses and society have responded so far. Many studies done on these technologies indicate enormous initial investments by businesses and more recently, measured but nonetheless important investments by society. Nano-scale technology or Nanotechnology has been defined generally as the creation of functional materials, devices, and systems through control of matter on the nanometer (1 to 100+ nm) length scale and the exploitation of novel properties and phenomena developed at that scale. [1] Nanotechnology, just as many other technologies before, has especially pledged enormous benefits for businesses and society. Many studies indicate enormous initial investments by businesses and more recently, measured but nonetheless important investments by society anticipating mostly the benefits it promises. Nonetheless the studies also show that it bears its own brand of curses or threats alike especially for society. Some of the threats may well be known, anticipated and resolved in good time. Others may only be revealed later on in its evolution. Either way, it is imperative that its benefits and identifiable threats be reasonably considered and embedded in their evolution if these two, among others related, are going to succeed. On the other hand, a robot is generally defined as a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks (Robot Institute of America, 1979)[15]. Robotics is thus concerned mainly with the study, design, building and operation of robot systems for certain specialised tasks [14]. Business and societys desire for greater efficiency cost and better health care, a cleaner environment, security etc respectively also continue to inspire heavy investments in more cost-efficient technologies. Achieving these either by automation, miniaturisation or by the use of better building blocks or materials for technology and products are among the main approaches that converge research and development of Robotics and Nano-scale technology or Nanotechnology among other related technologies. Apart from the brief introduction above, this report is organized into two main sections. The first section covers a brief description on the fundamentals of Nanotechnology. This section is followed by discussions on some of the principle practical, theoretical and experimental applications tracing and focusing on their impact on business and society. The second section deals with robotics and likewise describing the fundamentals of robot systems. This section too is followed by an examination of the major applications of robotics with a focus on their impact on society and business. Nanotechnology As mentioned in the introduction, Nanotechnology generally involves engineering at the nano-scale level (1 to100nm) leveraging novel properties and phenomena of matter at this scale. The concept of engineering at this scale may well be attributed to Feyman (1959) [2]. Modern understanding of Nanotechnology as defined above was built on the initial concept by other eminent scholars like Drexler (1992) [3]. Merkle (1997) [4] also went on to propose additional concepts like building materials by specifically positioning each atom and cost effective mass-assembly of the atoms At the close of the last century in 2000, presented with the anticipated advances and subsequent benefits of Nanotechnology by proponents such as Drexler (1992)[3], Merkle (1997)[4] among others, galvanized leaders in technological research and development, cutting edge innovation and business to converge and discuss extensively the implications of engineering at this scale. At a workshop organized by the United States National Science Foundation (NSF), leading experts gathered and to present their views on Nanotechnology and its implications focusing its potential applications in business and society. A resulting report on the proceedings of the workshop presents rather varied views and perpectives, perhaps due to the diverse applications of the technology or backgrounds of the participants. However, the urgent need for a foundational and comprehensive analysis of the technology and its implications seems to be the leading theme. This was a defining moment in the evolution of Nanote chnology. Below is a summary of nanotechnologys focus and principle applications as reported in the NSF (2001) [5] workshop and are being refined with time as shown in the National Nanotechnology Initiative Strategic Plan (2007) [6]: Industrial Manufacturing Materials and products, Chemical Processing Electronics application in Information Technologies and Communications Medicine and Health applications in Medicine and Pharmaceuticals. Aerospace For aerospace and planetary exploratory applications. Transportation and civil infrastructure Lighter Materials Sustainability in Energy, Water, Agriculture Food, Materials, Clean environment Defence and Security applications. Even though the current and potential applications of nanotechnology reach deeper than revealed by the above summary, there is no doubt that the above applications have impacted both businesses and society over the last decade in one way or another. Some researchers have even suggested at the emergence of Nanotechnology signalling the entry into the Age of Transitions [6] [7] there would be profound waves of change whether in society or business. Impact of Nanotechnology on business Every category of application highlighted above is representative of a range of industries and businesses that have already responded to, or must soon do so, to the diverse and vast influences, potential or practical, wielded by Nanotechnology. Some of these influences are certainly not unique to nanotechnology and may have been wielded by contemporary and preceding technologies. Others, however, such as the rapid parallel advances in research and development hardly witnessed by preceding technologies have compelled many a business in any of the application categories to reconfigure itself and its approach. These cycles of reconfiguration will even be more rapid when Nanotechnology converges with other emerging technologies that portend similar characteristics. Good examples are traffic on the internet; wireless capacity and computing performance which are said to double every 6, 9 and 18 months respectively [7]. Industrial Manufacturing: Nanoscale engineering of materials and products forms the bulk of current and perhaps even future applications of nanotechnology in industrial manufacturing. This has witnessed the introduction of new materials and products and thus new markets for businesses over the last 10 years. The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) forecasted the 2010 2015 Nanotechnology market at over 1 trillion US dollars as shown in the chart below. Chart 1: Estimates of the nanotechnology market by 2010-2015 USD trillions: 1.1 Source: National Science Foundation Subsequent research (RNCOS research) [8] has upwardly revised estimates within half the period settling at 1.6 trillion USD by the year 2013. The market estimates probably continue to inspire a steady increase in investment. Cientifica estimated the global government funding stood at a little less than 9.75 billion USD for nanotechnology. The US government alone invested 1.6 billion USD a steady increase from about 500 billion in 2001. [8] Apart from specialized materials such as nano-composite polymers and other nanoscale structured materials and chemicals; the inventory list of consumer products with a nanotech component currently stands at over 800 and will obviously continue to grow [9]. With this kind of diversity in terms of products and an expanding market, businesses, especially those in manufacturing, will do well to quickly adapt continue their success. Electronics: The potential application of nanotechnology in electronics is set to take the miniaturisation of computers to the next level. It is also set to improve the cost-efficiency and performance of electronic products even introducing product variation that have been hitherto unrealistic. [10] Figure 1: Manufacturing cost projection for logic at silicon-area and transistor levels as illustrated by Doering (2000) [5] As shown in Figure 1, the cost of achieving electronic function is on the decline thus inspiring the continued introduction of new electronic products and business and a consequent the market for the products. This will no doubt also augment advances in related areas such as telecommunications further opening up opportunities for business as illustrated in Doerings (2000) [5] projections in Figure 2 below. Figure 2: Illustrates projected growth of electronic market place with decreasing feature sizes and function cost. Doering (2000) [5] Medicine and Health: Nanotechnology has been applied in medicine, healthcare and pharmaceuticals to introduce better drug delivery and diagnosis mechanisms (targeted) [10] [11]. The resulting advances achieved hitherto continue to attract, not just government funding, but private businesses and organizations are also joining the fray investing themselves in nanotech medicine and healthcare. Of course theres the prospect, albeit some of it being still experimental, of resolving age old problems like cancer. Figure 3: An illustration of Nanotech funding Adapted from ETC Nanotech Report (2006) [11] There is also the prospect of making viable, products that have previously not been viable for business. The overall positive impact of nanotechnology on business related to medicine and health care is that it introduces a new range of products subsequently expanding the existing markets or even reconfiguring them all together [5], [10]. Some studies estimated the world markets expansion for these products from 1 billion USD in 2005 to be tenfold at 10billion USD by 2010 [11]. On the flipside, an expanding product base also means the introduction of products that carry along with them originally unintended effects or even products that are downright harmful to the business side of medicine and healthcare [10] [11]. Aerospace: Businesses and organizations in aerospace research and development have also invested themselves quite heavily with the intention of reaping some of the benefits of Nanotech application over the last decade or so. The introduction or potential introduction of lighter, stronger nanostructured materials or building blocks for aerospace equipment can only portend a positive outlook for this business since this ultimately implies an eventual reduction in costs e.g. in fuelling as well as wholesome aerospace projects [10]. Transportation and civil infrastructure: Lighter high-strength materials developed through nanotechnology implies a reduction of costs; whether in fuelling or maintenance in transportation and infrastructural developments. Impact of Nanotechnology on society The almost definitive nature of business, at least in objective makes much simpler the exercise of nanotechnologies impacts on business. This however, is not the case when it comes to determining societal implications and impacts brought about by technologies; nano or otherwise. Many attempted studies at this exercise acknowledge this difficulty [5] [10]. The period of time required for one to actually determine a certain technologys impact on society as well as the often unpredictable nature of society have been cited in the studies among major challenges to the accuracy of determining societal implication of technology; nanotechnology in this case. The impact of nanotechnology and its related advances on society hinges on certain major areas of life that are important to the makeup of that society. Below are some of the major areas cited by some studies like the NSF (2001) [5] report on Societal Implications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and the Royal Society Royal Academy of Engineering (2004) [10] report on Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: opportunities and uncertainties: Health care: Among the benefits pledged by nanotechnology, certain applications are meant to improve the quality of health care. Society at an individual level desires health and long life. New products and technologies such as targeted drug delivery mechanisms and diagnostics introduced by nanoscale engineering for health care promise a healthy and quality for individuals and society as a whole. [11] On the flipside, some products developed through nanotechnology also pose a threat to health. Some nanomaterials and particles have presented hazardous characteristics to human health and performance. Analyses and studies on some of the nano products and technologies which present unintended health hazards recommend responsible research and application of nanotechnologies [5]. Sustainability: Society looks for the sustainability of the resources that are its lifeblood. The current application and potential of Nanotechnology focusing on sustainable energy, water supply, agriculture food, materials and clean environment directly impact on the societys quality of life. Energy applications of nanotechnology pursue a parallel advance in achieving sustainable energy building on existing technologies. The threesome approach deals with: efficient energy conversion from primary form using a number of nanotech mechanisms e.g, nano-engineered solar cells, efficient storage energy storage through the use of supercapacitors developed through nanotechnology, and efficient energy saving mechanisms e.g. through the use of better thermoinsulators created using by nanomaterials [12] Sustainable energy is tightly bound with a clean environment. Achieving the former dramatically improves the later. Water supply is also an issue of concern for society where nanotech products and approaches are being used to improve the level of water supply either e.g. using nanotech for desalination. Agriculture and food production are also set to benefit from sustained research and development of nanotech application to agriculture. Defence and Security applications: Defence and security have long inspired the emergence of technologies perhaps because societies have often been reconfigured by conflict. The practical or even just the potential applications of nanotechnology to defence and security either in military weaponry and equipment or in intelligence continue to profoundly affect society. [5] A fundamental concern for society is who controls the resulting advances of nanotechnology thus raising legal and ethical issues. Studies show that society needs to respond at a quicker pace by being involved right from the get-go, putting in place and redefining policy mechanisms, regulation and control of these technologies [10]. Education and Culture: A combination of nanotechnology and other contemporary technologies such as Biotechnology and Information Technology portends a true Age of Transitions for society as has been argued by some experts [7]; a time when social structures and cultures are rapidly reconfigured and reengineered by a rapid technological evolution and eventual revolution. Robotics Robotics is area of emerging technologies that involves the study, design, construction and operation of robot system(s). Slightly variable definitions of a robot to encompass humanlike characteristics describe a broadened modern concept of robotics [13]. The application of Robotics, since the first practical realization of the concept in the early 60s, has increasingly worked its way into many sectors of todays business and society. The primary application of robotics has mostly to do with tasks that are either too dangerous or those that are too repetitive and too precise for humans. In essence, robotics seeks to enhance human performance. The general areas in business and society that continue to benefit from application of robotics in include [14]: Industrial, mainly in manufacturing either in precise or repetitive assembly repair among others so far the most established application of robotics. Healthcare performing complex and precise surgical procedures such as Radiosurgery, Tele-robotic surgery among other medical procedures. Aerospace, Military and security performance of dangerous and precise tasks relating to defence and security example of practical applications include the unmanned aerials and ground vehicles for surveillance, reconnaissance and exploration of hazardous environment. Agriculture Disaster Recovery and Infrastructure again, the use of robotics for the recovery and sometime repair of dangerous environments and difficult to reach areas of infrastructure respectively. Consumer Robotics for day-to-day tasks and service provision the least developed area of robotics but picking up pace. Impact of Robotics on business The robotics principle inspiration of enhancing human performance and the fundamental objectives of increasing productivity and quality in business foreshadow the impact of robotics in business. The application of advancing robotics to various areas of traditional business has and continues to compel change in business design and approach. Business and organizations trading in the primary areas of robotics application have had to reconfigure themselves inspired by this change. In many ways, the impact of robotics on manufacturing business foreshadows the impact of robotics on almost all other areas of industrial robotics application. Manufacturing thus may well be viewed as representative of other areas Infrastructure development, Agriculture and healthcare. Manufacturing: the extensive industrial application of robotics has, to a large extent, improved the efficiency of manufacturing businesses that have properly invested themselves in the potency of robotics. Case studies on some of these businesses show marked improvements in their performance, quality. Chrysler, for example, a leading automobile manufacturer was able to cut cost and improve its flexibility by remodelling its business for the market and by leveraging advanced robotics. Their application of robotics enabled them to cost-efficiently produce a wider range of products [16]. The increasing need for application of robotics in other manufacturing areas like packaging and processing is also opening up new business opportunities for robotics. The trend in manufacturing now is that more and more businesses are inclined to robotics and related automation for their existence. However, although the benefits of applying robotics are worthwhile on the long term for business, the initial investments are, more often than not, prohibitive. This has been the case and will probably continue to hound business into the next generation. Parallel advances in complimentary technologies however likely to mitigate problem. In healthcare, apart from the performance of repetitive tasks, the cutting edge application of robotics is mostly towards the performance of highly complex surgical procedures. However, robotics application here is tightly bound to the human in the sense that robots are not autonomous. Consumer robotics is a fairly new application area that involves a much smaller scale of applications compared to industrial. This might be at the product distribution level like dispensing machines Military and security: investments in robotics for military and security use are leading the advance in robotics as a technology through research and development. Often, the output of these advances translates to new business opportunities when converted or modified for civilian applications. Contemporary technologies such the internet and wireless telecommunication were first military and defence technologies before they became commercialized for business. Aerospace applications: Robotics application in exploratory research and development like aerospace are also contributing to the advancement of robotics and in turn inspiring fresh business area applications such as infrastructure maintenance and transport. Impact of Robotics on society As mentioned above, robotics portends to improve and enhance human performance. To some extent, this does impact society positively. A societys health and safety is improved for instance by the use of robots to perform dangerous and hazardous tasks. However, large scale industrial robotics application may mean job losses especially when robots begin to replace human workers. The implications here are far reaching. Apart from the short term effects of conflict, there is the long term reconfiguration of society to accommodate the changes. In the long term, education and training and other related areas have to be reviewed. There are also broader societal issues such as the need for environment sustainability where robotics portends both positive and negative impacts. The application of robotics in military defence, weaponry and security such as the use unmanned aerial vehicles for surveillance revisits the concern of who controls technologies thus raising legal and ethical issues. Robotics and other complimentary technologies continue to influence social evolution by directly effecting change in education and social culture. In other worlds robotics has contributed to the change in the way we live our lives. There is an increasing societal dependence on technologies even though they dont resolve age old societal challenges such as poverty and justice. Conclusion Emerging of technologies often invite scrutiny in the interest of business and society the ultimate consumers of technology. Nanotechnology and Robotics are no different. This scrutiny, as has been illustrated in this report, often takes the form of assessments on the impacts of these technologies on business and society. Again, as shown, assessing and articulating the impacts of technologies is not a simple exercise especially when they are just emerging. It is often a process informed by diverse and sometimes opposing views from leading experts and representatives from society and business. In the end, the impacts identified, positive or negative, define the viability of an emerging technology. The assessment of Nanotechnology and Robotics in this report, perhaps because of the width and depth of their potential applications, yields an overall positive outlook for business and society and in turn for their success as emerging technologies.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

A culture of my own :: essays research papers

A Culture of My Own   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The smell of the ocean, palm trees, and the sound of the salsa beats in the distance, characteristics of a beautiful culture. But is that really what My culture is. As a Cuban in America, culture is much different than that of a island native. My culture, or should I say, the culture that my family has molded into our own, is a spectacular one. It may not be the same as it was one-hundred years ago, or even twenty years ago for that matter. But one things makes that okay, culture is not written, nor are you born with in. We humans are taught culture. And what I’ve learned and discovered on my own is that being Cuban means many things to me; it means music and loudness, A lot of family memories, and most definitely pride.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To begin with, the Cuban culture is one of much loudness and joyous music. Growing up, there was never a day that I did not wake up to the sound of loud salsa music blaring. Or to the loud voices of my mother or grandmother talking. To anyone else this â€Å"talking† would surely be mistaken for an argument or fight. Cuba is where salsa music and the conga drum originated so we tend to be very prideful of this. One of the greatest salsa singer/writer was the late Celia Cruz. She was somewhat of a hero to Cuban people; seeing as though she had been a Cuban refugee, and became a great success in the U.S. Her recent passing was a devastation, not only to the Cuban society but to all Latinos and many Americans as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Which brings me to family. My Mother and Aunts had grown up listening to and admiring Celia Cruz so you can only imagine their reaction to her death. Our entire family was in mourning. Sound kind of silly, but it was as if one of our on had passed. Like many Latin families, mine is huge! And what does a huge family mean; a lot of parties, weddings, and holidays. Holidays with a Cuban family is a one of a kind experience. There is drinking, music, fun, and of course fights. It is certainly somewhat of a comforting chaos. This past Christmas, I spent alone with my Mother and Step- Father, and it was just not the same.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Disney College Program †Magical Internship or Mousecatraz Essay

A year and a half ago I packed my bags and drove the stretch to Orlando to officially begin my term in the Disney College Program. Since then I have experienced the behind the scenes side of Disney World, and I have learned what I would consider to be the pros and cons of becoming a Disney cast member. While I would love to believe that life as a Disney employee is nothing but a dream, spending a semester there has opened my eyes to both the magical benefits and also the hard work that it takes to live there. Today I’m going tell you more of what life at Disney consists of and what you can expect in the Disney College Program. Imagine this: You wake up early in your Orlando hotel room; you’re too excited and nervous to eat because today your program starts. You make your way over to Vista Way Apartments to get a good spot in line, anxious because you’re only hours away from meeting your future roommates and receiving the one thing that has been eating you alive for months – your job assignment! Your semester has barely started, and it’s already nerve-wracking. A term in Disney of course will hold some high expectations. According to the official Disney College program website, As a Disney College Program participant, you’ll become part of the magic that is known worldwide. You’ll get valuable, on-the-job experience in the parks and resorts, and expand your knowledge in a classroom with international students. Discover new worlds and create long-lasting memories. All of these statements have truth to them, but what you may not know is that the slightest tweak of your expectations can make or break your time there. By the end of the first day, I had 5 new roommates, and I was a new merchandise cast member at one of Disney’s Resorts. The time I spent from August to December in Orlando was full to the brim with great and incredible memories. These times were the pros of the experience. When you first arrive, Disney requires each of their cast members to go through an orientation class called ‘traditions’ where you learn about the exceptional value Disney places on their famous customer service. Even though it was orientation, I have to admit it was pretty exciting. They really know how to get you pumped about being part of creating that Disney magic. Having the opportunity to assist in making those moments that last a lifetime for other families is absolutely amazing. The friends that you will make there will also last a lifetime. I made friends from all over the world while I was there. That’s something that I wouldn’t trade for anything. And what’s better than spending time with those friends in the Disney parks†¦ for free! This must be the ultimate perk, but there are countless others. To top of all of that, working for Disney is an excellent addition to your resume. Unfortunately, along with the pros come the cons. The number one complaint that I have heard would be the problems you will encounter with roommates. If you opt to stay on Disney property, which has many benefits, you will be required to share a bedroom with one other person and most likely your apartment with several others. While I lived in an apartment of six including myself, you could end up with a total of eight. With that many people under one roof, it would be a miracle if everyone got along. On top of the stress of your living space, you are required to wear your goofy looking uniform to a job that you played no part in the selection of. Being a college program cast member, you are automatically considered temporary or expendable, and because of that you automatically take lowest priority. You will work hard hours, and out of the multiple managers in your area, you will most likely not enjoy all of them to say the least. Working for a company with such demanding guests will take a toll on you. Despite the lower points that you will come across while you are there, the Disney College program is an excellent overall experience. You will learn much more than you could possibly expect. You can even take courses that can apply for college credit if you choose. Your patience and tolerance will increase significantly, trust me. The months you spend there will stay with you forever. In conclusion, I hope that I have been able to give you more insight on the program. There are some very heavy pros and cons in this program, but whether or not the good outweighs the bad is left up to you. If you are considering taking this journey yourself, I would recommend that you take the leap. You’ll most likely have bad days, but you will treasure the memories and friends you make there forever.